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泰安衡器-中国古衡器
2011-10-16    来源:    作者:佚名

泰安衡器    泰山衡器中国古代秤重量的衡器。出现的时间可能稍晚于尺度和量器。甲骨文中尚未见有重量单位,西周铜器上有重量单位、爰、匀,至今还没有找出它们之间的进位关系。据文献记载,战国时多用斤、镒,还有钧、石等。器物上也可看到有朱两等。可见战国时朱、两、斤、钧、石等单位已齐备,并逐步得到推广。当时各国每斤的单位量值均在 250克左右。

天平和秤到明清以后才有专用名称。《说文》没有秤字,古文献中秤和称常互用,出土的战国环权以及大量秦权,多用作等臂天平的砝码。中国历史博物馆收藏的楚国王铜衡杆,与东周铜尺同长,铜衡上有十等分的刻度,可能是称重时作为在不同部位悬挂权和重物的标志,一般认为王铜衡杆是从等臂天平过渡到杆秤时出现的一种衡器。

《秦律·;效律》对衡器的误差范围曾作了详细的规定。经实测秦代的铜质权一般不超出秦律所规定的误差范围,而铁石权(120斤)却大大超过允差范围。东汉以后大量值的权已很少见,且权和权之间值量已没有明显的递增关系,据分析,这时期权已多作杆秤的秤砣了。北宋景德年间刘承曾重新校定国库内的标准砝码,并创造了使用方便、精度较高的戥秤,在中国衡器制造上也是一个创举。元朝疆土辽阔,商业发达,目前所见元代铜权达 200余枚,权上大多铸年号和地名,有的还铸或刻汉、蒙、八思巴及波斯等文字。流传至今的明代衡器多为称银两用的盒式砝码,平均每斤合593克。

清朝政府对权衡标准已有详细的规定《大清会典》中说:“黄铜一方寸重六两八钱。”清光绪三十四年(1908)曾重订度量衡划一办法,以营造尺 1立方寸纯水之重为质量的标准,据故宫博物院所藏清乾隆二十九年(1764)工部制造的“伍百两铜砝码”,每斤折合598.4克,比光绪三十四年规定的标准每斤合 596.8克之值稍重。

 

在中国古代的体重秤的重量。时间以后,可能会发生在规模和仪表。甲骨文尚未有西周青铜器中的重量单位,重量单位,ZL,统一,还没有确定的关系,它们之间的进行。据史料记载,战国国时期,多用途英镑,易,与君,石。另外两个,朱对象也可以看到。战国时期,楚可以看出,两磅,六月,石头和其他单位已经到位,并逐步推广。当时,两国的价值每公斤250克为单位。http://www.sdtahqc.com/

天平和秤明清有特别的名称。 “说文”不规模的性质,规模和古代文学,通常称为互操作性,出土了大量战国,秦右环右臂作为平衡重这么多。博物馆收集中国历史上国王楚铜杆价值,东周青铜英尺长,上规模的铜价值等分,体重可能挂在功率和重量的象征的不同部位,一般认为王铜杆是从另一只手臂的平衡平衡时一杆秤尺度的过渡。http://www.sdtshq998.com/newss/

“LV,有效的法律”的详细规定称重的误差范围。测得的铜秦律的权利,一般不超过规定的误差范围,而右石(120磅),比较高的公差范围。很多权后,东汉的价值已不多见,和适量的值之间的权力,并没有明显的关系之间增加,据分析,然后有更多的选择权重的杆秤。刘成北宋国库内的景德年被重新确定的标准体重,并创建一个易于使用,套利高精密天平,称重在中国的生产是一种创新。元幅员辽阔,商业的发展,目前已在元代的200多件铜权,有权统治大部分的演员和地名,和一些演员或刻有汉,蒙古,波斯等八思巴和文字自明代流行的是银体重更重的录像带,结合593克,每公斤的平均。

清政府权衡详细的规定,“大清律例”,说:“黄铜一英寸重六百二十八个钱”清朝(1908年)三十四年重新度量衡统一的方式来创建一个1立方英寸的水质标准体重的规模,根据故宫博物院收藏的乾隆29年(1764)制造和产业的“伍佰和两枚铜牌的重量”,相当于598.4克每公斤,比规定的标准光绪三十四年在一起的一个小,重量轻价值每公斤596.8克。

The weight of the weighing scales in ancient China. Time may occur later in the scales and gauges. Oracle has not been there in the weight unit, weight unit on the Western Zhou bronzes, Žļ, uniform, has yet to identify the relationship between them carry. According to historical records, Warring States Period, multi-purpose pounds, Yi, and Jun, stone. Objects can also be seen on two other, Zhu. Warring States Period, Chu can be seen, two pounds, Jun, stone and other units already in place, and gradually be promoted. At that time both countries value units per kilogram of 250 grams.

Balances and scales to the Ming and Qing dynasties have special names. "Said the text" does not scale character, scale and ancient literature often called interoperability, unearthed a large number of the Warring States and Qin right ring right arm so much as a balance weight. Museum of Chinese History Collection King of Chu value of copper rod, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty bronze feet with long, copper value decile on the scale, weighing as may be hung in different parts of the symbol of power and weight, is generally believed that the king copper rod is balanced balance from the other arm when the transition to a steelyard scales.

"Lv; effective law" had the error range of weighing the detailed provisions. The right of the measured copper Qin Lv generally not exceed the specified error range, while the right stone (120 pounds) is much higher than the tolerance range. A lot of value right after the Eastern Han Dynasty have been rare, and the values ​​between the right amount of power and has no obvious relationship between increasing, according to analysis, then have more options for the weights of the steelyard. LIU Cheng-Northern Song Jingde years within the state treasury was re-determined standard weight and create a easy to use, arbitrage high precision scales, weighing manufacturing in China is an innovation. Yuan vast territory, commercial development, currently seen in the Yuan Dynasty more than 200 pieces of copper right, the right to reign on most of the cast and place names, and some cast or engraved Han, Mongolian, Persian, etc. Pagba and text. Popular since the Ming Dynasty is known as silver weighing more weight with the cassette, the average combined 593 grams per kilogram.

Qing government trade-offs in detail the provisions of 'Great Qing Code ", said: “ brass one inch heavy six hundred twenty-eight money. ” thirty-four years of the Qing dynasty (1908) has re-weights and measures uniform way to create a scale of 1 cubic inch weight of water quality standards, according to the National Palace Museum's collection Qianlong 29 years (1764) Manufacturing and Industry The “ Wu Bai and two bronze weight ”, equivalent to 598.4 grams per kilogram, compared with the required standards Guangxu thirty-four years together 596.8 grams per kilogram of the value of a little weight.泰安衡器    泰山衡器

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